🌟 LESSON 8: COLOMBIA – SECOND HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY (I) 🇨🇴📜⚖️

📌 OBJECTIVE GENERAL 🎯
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Students will understand the main political and social changes in Colombia during the second half of the 19th century through simple vocabulary and collaborative activities.

📌 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 🎯
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• Identify important changes in Colombia during this period.
• Recognize political conflicts and reforms.
• Learn vocabulary related to government and society.
• Understand the importance of organization and stability.

🧠 ACTIVACIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTOS PREVIOS 💬

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The teacher shows images of political leaders, laws, and historical events.

Simple questions:

👉 What happens when people have different ideas?
👉 Why are laws important in a country?
👉 What problems can governments have?
👉 How can a country improve?

Students answer freely in English or Spanish.
This connects previous knowledge with the topic.

🎥 VIDEO EXPLICATIVO 📺

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📘 CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN 🌍

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During the second half of the 19th century, Colombia experienced important political and social changes, including conflicts between different political groups such as liberals and conservatives. These disagreements led to civil wars and instability, but also to reforms in laws and government organization. This period was significant because it helped shape the political system and national identity of Colombia, even though it was marked by challenges and conflicts.

🌿 Simple vocabulary:

Politics 🏛️
Law 📜
Conflict ⚔️
Government 🏛️
Change 🔄
Country 🇨🇴
War ⚔️
Reform 📋

👉 Teacher models pronunciation and students repeat.

🎨 ACTIVITIES ✂️🖍️

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🔹 ACTIVITY 1: DRAW A CHANGE

Students draw a change in a country (laws, leaders, organization).
Then they say:

👉 “Change.”
👉 “New law.”
👉 “Government.”

Teacher supports pronunciation.

🔹 ACTIVITY 2: GOOD OR BAD FOR THE COUNTRY?

Teacher presents situations:

📜 New laws
⚔️ War
🤝 Agreement
⚖️ Conflict

Students respond:

👉 “Good!” ✔️
👉 “Bad!” ❌

Promotes critical thinking ✨

🔹 ACTIVITY 3: MATCH CONCEPT AND RESULT

Students work in small groups.
They match:

Conflict — war
Reform — change
Law — order

Teacher supervises and guides.

🔁✨ CLOSURE ✨🔁

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Teacher asks guiding questions:

👉 What happened in Colombia in this period?
👉 Why were there conflicts?
👉 What is a reform?

Students repeat vocabulary together.

💬 Closing idea:
“Conflicts and reforms helped shape Colombia.” 💛🇨🇴

🏠 HOMEWORK ✏️

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Students draw one change in a country and label it in English.

💖 FRASE MOTIVADORA ✨

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🌟 “Changes help countries grow and improve.” 💛

📊 EVALUACIÓN FORMATIVA 📝

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🔎 Evaluation techniques used during the class:

1. Direct observation 👀
Teacher observes participation, attention, and behavior.

2. Oral participation 🗣️
Students answer questions and repeat vocabulary.

3. Performance in activities ✏️
Evaluation of drawings, classification activity, and matching tasks.

4. Interaction and teamwork 🤝
Observation of cooperation and respect among classmates.

📌 Assessment indicators:

✔ Identifies changes in the 19th century
✔ Recognizes political conflicts
✔ Uses key vocabulary in English
✔ Participates in oral activities
✔ Follows instructions
✔ Understands importance of reforms

📊 RÚBRICA DE EVALUACIÓN 📝

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