🌍 SCIENCE LESSON: ECOSYSTEMS

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🎯 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Students will be able to:

• Define what an ecosystem is.
• Identify biotic and abiotic components.
• Classify types of ecosystems (terrestrial and aquatic).
• Explain how living and non-living elements interact.

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📘 LESSON CONTENT (STUDENT VERSION)

🌱 What is an Ecosystem?

An ecosystem is a place where living and non-living things interact.

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🔬 Components of an Ecosystem

Biotic factors (living things):

• Plants
• Animals
• Humans

Abiotic factors (non-living things):

• Water
• Sunlight
• Air
• Soil

👉 Key idea:
Living and non-living things depend on each other.

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🌎 TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

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🌳 TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS (LAND)

Ecosystems found on land.

Examples:

• Forest
• Desert
• Jungle

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🌊 AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS (WATER)

Ecosystems found in water.

Examples:

• Ocean
• River
• Lake

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🧠 INTERACTIONS IN ECOSYSTEMS

• Plants use sunlight to make food
• Animals eat plants or other animals
• Water and air are necessary for life

👉 Everything is connected.

NOTEBOOK KEY CONCEPT (FOR STUDENTS)

An ecosystem is a system where living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) elements interact in a specific place.

Biotic factors include all living things such as plants, animals, and humans.
Abiotic factors include non-living elements such as water, sunlight, air, soil, and temperature.

In an ecosystem, all components depend on each other.
Plants use sunlight, water, and air to make their own food.
Animals depend on plants or other animals for food.
Water, air, and soil are necessary for all living things to survive.

Ecosystems can be classified into:

• Terrestrial ecosystems (land), such as forests and deserts
• Aquatic ecosystems (water), such as oceans, rivers, and lakes

If one component of an ecosystem changes or disappears, it can affect the entire system.

👉 Key idea: Everything in an ecosystem is connected and works as a system.

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🎨 HOMEWORK 

🌍📦 Create a 3D ecosystem model inside a shoebox by first choosing one ecosystem (🌳 forest, 🌊 ocean, 🏜️ desert, or 🌊 river), then decorating the inside of the box to match that environment using colors and materials 🎨✂️. Add both living (biotic) elements like 🌱 plants and 🐾 animals, and non-living (abiotic) elements such as 💧 water, ☀️ sunlight, 🌬️ air, and 🪨 soil. Use labels in English 🏷️ for each element and include arrows or strings ➡️🧵 to show how they interact (for example: plants need sunlight ☀️, animals need water 💧). Finally, write one or two short sentences ✍️ explaining what would happen if one element is missing ❌.

🌍📦 Crea una maqueta de un ecosistema en 3D dentro de una caja de zapatos eligiendo primero un ecosistema (🌳 bosque, 🌊 océano, 🏜️ desierto o 🌊 río) y decorando el interior de la caja según ese ambiente con colores y materiales 🎨✂️. Agrega elementos bióticos (seres vivos) como 🌱 plantas y 🐾 animales, y elementos abióticos (no vivos) como 💧 agua, ☀️ luz solar, 🌬️ aire y 🪨 suelo. Coloca etiquetas en inglés 🏷️ para cada elemento e incluye flechas o hilos ➡️🧵 que muestren cómo se relacionan (por ejemplo: las plantas necesitan luz solar ☀️, los animales necesitan agua 💧). Finalmente, escribe una o dos oraciones ✍️ explicando qué pasaría si uno de los elementos desaparece ❌.

🧪 MINI WORKSHEET (MULTIPLE CHOICE – NO ANSWERS)

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🧠 1. INTERPRETATIVE COMPETENCE

What is an ecosystem?

A. A type of animal
B. A place where living and non-living things interact
C. Only plants
D. Only water

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🔍 2. ANALYTICAL COMPETENCE

Which of the following is an abiotic factor?

A. Dog
B. Tree
C. Water
D. Bird

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🧩 3. APPLICATION COMPETENCE

A forest with animals, plants, soil, and sunlight is an example of:

A. An ecosystem
B. A single organism
C. A machine
D. A city

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💡 4. CRITICAL THINKING

Why are plants important in an ecosystem?

A. They make noise
B. They produce food and oxygen
C. They only grow
D. They do not interact

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📊 ASSESSMENT RUBRIC